
In particular, there is Louise Michel, who “shouldered a rifle at the barricades for the defence of the Paris Commune”, and Constance Markiewicz, who “was a soldier at the Dublin barricades for the defence of the Irish Republic”. Mannin goes on to list some of the “fearless, active revolutionary women” whose lives she had chronicled earlier in her book. The women of today must either ally themselves with freedom and life, or with oppression and death either work for a brave new world, or surrender themselves, and their children, to the doomed old world… For make no mistake about it, if the revolution does not come, or is defeated by the powers of reaction, this civilisation must be engulfed in a new world war of the capitalist-imperialist powers, and this country must be caught by the wave of fascist oppression sweeping Europe-and fascism by any other name is the same oppression, the same death of freedom and progress, especially for women. In the closing pages of her Women and the Revolution, published in 1938, Ethel Mannin insisted that women faced a stark choice:
